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100Kw Solar System

By / October 14, 2019

  • 100kW Solar System – Industrial & Commercial Solar Power Solution

    A 100kW solar system is a high-capacity solar power plant designed for commercial, industrial, and large-scale agricultural applications. This system generates 400-500 kWh daily (depending on location), providing massive electricity bill savings and energy independence for businesses.

    100Kw Solar System Key Features & Benefits

    ✔ High-Capacity Power Generation – Produces 3,000+ kWh/month (30,000+ kWh/year)
    ✔ Commercial-Grade Components – Industrial solar panels & string inverters
    ✔ ROI-Focused – Payback period of 3-5 years with 25+ year lifespan
    ✔ Scalable Design – Can be expanded with additional capacity
    ✔ Smart Monitoring – Remote performance tracking & alerts
    ✔ Government Incentives – Eligible for accelerated depreciation & tax benefits

    100Kw Solar System Components

    1. Solar Panels – 250-300 high-efficiency 400W+ panels

    2. Inverters – 3x 33kW string inverters or central inverter

    3. Mounting Structure – Industrial-grade galvanized steel

    4. Transformers (if required) – For grid synchronization

    5. Monitoring System – Cloud-based analytics dashboard

    100Kw Solar System Financial Benefits

    • Annual Savings: ₹5-12 lakhs (varies by tariff rates)

    • Payback Period: 3-5 years

    • Lifespan: 25+ years (panels), 10-15 years (inverters)

    100Kw Solar System Ideal For:

    • Factories & Manufacturing Units

    • Shopping Malls & Hotels

    • Cold Storages & Warehouses

    • Agricultural Pumping (30-50HP motors)

    • EV Charging Stations

Complete Guide to a 100kW Solar System (Industrial/Commercial Scale)

A 100kW solar system is a commercial-scale photovoltaic installation designed for businesses, factories, farms, or large institutions. It represents a major capital investment with significant operational and financial implications.

System Overview & Scale 100Kw Solar System 

  • Capacity: 100 kilowatts (kW) DC

  • Average Daily Production: 400-550 kWh (depending on location in Pakistan)

  • Monthly Production: 12,000 – 16,500 kWh

  • Annual Production: 144,000 – 198,000 kWh

  • Physical Size: Requires ~6,000 – 7,000 sq. ft. of roof or ground space (approx. 5-6 marla roof space or 1.5-2 kanal ground mount).

Core Components & Specifications

1. Solar Panels (The Generator)

  • Quantity: 180-250 panels (depending on individual panel wattage)

  • Type: Mono PERC Bifacial panels are now standard for commercial projects

  • Typical Panel Wattage: 450W to 550W each

  • Key Brands: Jinko, Longi, Canadian Solar, Trina, JA Solar

2. Inverters (The Heart of the System)

Unlike residential systems, 100kW systems use multiple commercial string inverters or central inverters.

  • Configuration: Typically 3 x 33kW inverters or 2 x 50kW inverters.

  • Types:

    • String Inverters: More flexible, easier to expand (e.g., Huawei, Sungrow, Goodwe).

    • Central Inverters: Higher efficiency for very uniform arrays (e.g., SMA, Delta).

    • Option: Inverter + Optimizers (like SolarEdge) for complex roofs/shading.

  • Voltage: Operate at 800V-1500V DC for higher efficiency and lower wiring costs.

3. Mounting Structure

  • Roof Mount: Industrial-grade C or U-channel galvanized steel, engineered for local wind/snow loads. Requires structural analysis.

  • Ground Mount: Galvanized steel or aluminum driven-pile or concrete-based structures. Allows for optimal tilt and orientation.

  • Tracking Systems (Optional): Single-axis solar trackers can increase yield by 15-25% but add cost and maintenance.

4. Balance of System (BOS)

  • DC/AC Combiner Boxes: Bring multiple strings together.

  • DC & AC Cabling: Heavy-duty, UV-resistant, sized for high current.

  • Protection Devices: Surge Protection Devices (SPD), DC isolators, AC circuit breakers.

  • Monitoring System: Web-based portal for real-time performance tracking, alerts, and yield reports.

Net Metering (Essential)

  • Process: Bi-directional meter measures net import/export. Excess generation is credited to the following month’s bill at a predetermined rate (typically close to the retail rate, minus wheeling charges).

  • Banking: Most DISCOs allow annual settlement (true-up).

  • Capacity Limit: For 3-phase connections, DISCOs often allow up to 1:1 load ratio (100kW for a 100kW connection). Pre-approval is mandatory.

Applications & Ideal Users

  1. Manufacturing Units: To power machinery and offset high-tariff daytime consumption.

  2. Textile Mills & Industries: Consistent daytime load matches solar production perfectly.

  3. Shopping Malls & Hotels: High air-conditioning and lighting loads during sun hours.

  4. Corporate Offices & Banks: Reduces operational expenses (OPEX) significantly.

  5. Agricultural Farms: For running tube wells and processing equipment.

  6. Educational Institutions & Hospitals: Large rooftops and constant energy needs.

Installation Process & Timeline

  1. Feasibility & Site Audit (1-2 weeks): Structural assessment, shading analysis, electrical point review.

  2. Design & Engineering (2-3 weeks): System layout, electrical design, structural drawings, and submission for net metering approval.

  3. DISCO Approval & Net Metering Application (4-8 weeks): The longest lead time. Submission of application, drawings, and test reports to your local power company (e.g., K-Electric, LESCO).

  4. Procurement & Logistics (3-4 weeks): Ordering and delivery of all components.

  5. Installation & Commissioning (3-4 weeks): Physical mounting, wiring, and grid synchronization.

  6. TOTAL TIMELINE: 4 – 6 months from contract to commissioning.

Critical Considerations

Technical & Regulatory

  • Grid Stability & Capacity: The local grid feeder must have capacity to accept reverse power flow. A feasibility study by the DISCO is required.

  • Three-Phase Connection: Mandatory for systems above 10-20kW in most regions.

  • Insurance: Must be insured against fire, theft, and natural disasters.

  • O&M Contract: A 2-5 year Operations & Maintenance contract is standard, covering cleaning, monitoring, and preventative maintenance (typically 0.5-1% of system cost per year).

Financial

  • Financing: Available through green financing from major banks (HBL, MCB, etc.) at preferential rates (e.g., 6-9% p.a.). Loan tenor typically 5-7 years.

  • Tax Benefits: Accelerated depreciation is available for companies, improving the after-tax IRR.

  • Performance Guarantees: Reputable installers offer 10-year workmanship warranty, 25-year linear performance guarantee on panels (e.g., 85% output at year 25), and 5-10 years on inverters.

Pros and Cons

Advantages Challenges
✅ Massive OPEX Reduction – Cuts electricity costs by 70-100%. ❌ High Upfront Capital – Requires significant investment.
✅ Excellent ROI – Payback in 3-4 years in Pakistan’s high-tariff environment. ❌ Regulatory Hurdles – Net metering approval can be slow and bureaucratic.
✅ Hedge Against Tariff Hikes – Locks in energy costs for 25+ years. ❌ Space Requirement – Needs a large, unshaded roof or land parcel.
✅ Green Credentials – Enhances CSR profile and meets sustainability goals. ❌ Technical Expertise – Requires a highly competent EPC (Engineering, Procurement, Construction) partner.
✅ Low Maintenance – Once installed, operational costs are minimal. ❌ Grid Dependency (for net metering) – System output is credited, not stored; outages still occur unless paired with batteries.

The Future: Adding Batteries & Hybridization

While a 100kW grid-tied system is optimal for bill savings, businesses are increasingly adding:

  • Behind-the-Meter Batteries (50-100kWh): For peak shaving (reducing maximum demand charges) and providing backup power during grid outages.

  • Hybrid Inverters: Allow future battery integration without replacing the core inverter system.

Conclusion

A 100kW solar system in Pakistan is not an expense, but a strategic financial investment with one of the highest and safest returns available in the commercial sector today. It transforms a volatile operational cost (electricity) into a fixed, depreciable asset. Success hinges entirely on:

  1. Selecting a reputable, experienced EPC contractor with a strong track record.

  2. Ensuring net metering feasibility is confirmed before any payment.

  3. Conducting a thorough technical due diligence on equipment warranties and performance guarantees.

 

 

 

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